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101.
采用K3[Fe(CN)6]作为锌镍电池的电解液添加剂,克服了锌阳极的变形。此外,通过一系列实验设计和表征,探索了电解液中金属锌与K3[Fe(CN)6]的反应机理。通过XRD (X-ray diffraction)和XPS (X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy)测试,我们发现金属锌在KOH水溶液中能够与K3[Fe(CN)6]反应,将[Fe(CN)6]3–还原为[Fe(CN)6]4−。添加K3[Fe(CN)6]的锌镍电池实现了更长的循环寿命,比不添加K3[Fe(CN)6]的锌镍电池长3倍以上。在相同循环次数下,改性电解质中锌阳极循环不仅形状变化较小,而且没有出现“死”锌现象,电极添加剂和粘结剂也没有发生偏析。此外,不同于一般的有机添加剂,K3[Fe(CN)6]的加入不仅不会增大电极的极化,还能够提高锌镍电池的放电容量和倍率性能。因此,考虑到这一改性策略有着较高的可行性和较低的成本,K3[Fe(CN)6]添加剂在锌镍电池的实际应用中具有极大的推广潜力。 相似文献
102.
化石燃料的燃烧和其他人类活动排放了大量的CO2气体,引发了诸多环境问题。电催化CO2还原反应(CO2RR)可以储存间歇可再生能源,实现人为闭合碳循环,被认为是获得高附加值化学品和燃料的有效途径。电催化CO2RR涉及多个电子-质子转移步骤,其中*CO通常被认为是关键中间体。铜由于对*CO具有合适的吸附能,已被广泛证明是唯一能够有效地将CO2还原为碳氢化合物和含氧化合物的金属催化剂。然而,纯Cu稳定性差、产品选择性低、过电位高,阻碍了工业级多碳产品的生产。构筑Cu基串联催化剂是提高CO2RR性能的一种有前途的策略。本文首先介绍电催化CO2RR的反应路线和串联机理。然后,系统地总结铜基串联催化剂对电催化CO2RR的最新研究进展。最后,提出合理设计和可控合成新型电催化CO2RR串联催化剂面临的挑战和机遇。 相似文献
103.
With the enhancement of the people consciousness of environment protection, soot particulates(PM)elimination has drawn wide attention in recent years. Efficient after-treatment with well-designed catalysts is one of the best ways to eliminate soot particulates that come from diesel engines. Catalysts coated on the DPF(diesel particulate filter) are considered as the main factor to lower soot ignition temperature.Improvement of the structures of the catalysts is significantly important in order t... 相似文献
104.
The increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration has caused many environmental issues. Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction(CO2RR) has been considered as a promising strategy to mitigate these challenges. The electrocatalysts with a low overpotential, high Faradaic efficiency, and excellent selectivity are of great significance for the CO2RR. Carbon-based materials including metal-free carbon catalysts and metal-based carbon catalysts have shown great p... 相似文献
105.
This paper presents a hybrid Trefftz (HT) boundary element method (BEM) by using two indirect techniques for mode III fracture
problems. Two Trefftz complete functions of Laplace equation for normal elements and a special purpose Trefftz function for
crack elements are proposed in deriving the Galerkin and the collocation techniques of HT BEM. Then two auxiliary functions
are introduced to improve the accuracy of the displacement field near the crack tips, and stress intensity factor (SIF) is
evaluated by local crack elements as well. Furthermore, numerical examples are given, including comparisons of the present
results with the analytical solution and the other numerical methods, to demonstrate the efficiency for different boundary
conditions and to illustrate the convergence influenced by several parameters. It shows that HT BEM by using the Galerkin
and the collocation techniques is effective for mode III fracture problems.
The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10472082). The English text was polished by Keren
Wang. 相似文献
106.
107.
The Ohno–Wang kinematic hardening rule is modified to incorporate the Burlet–Cailletaud radial evanescence term for an improved simulation of the ratcheting behavior. The Delobelle parameter δ′ is implemented in the modified model to compromise shakedown of the Burlet–Cailletaud hardening rule and over-prediction of the Ohno–Wang model. An evolution equation is proposed for δ′ to simulate the ratcheting strain over an extended domain of cycles. Ratcheting tests were conducted on S45C steel under four types of nonproportional axial–torsional loading. The new model is found to yield reasonably accurate predictions of ratcheting strain to a much higher number of cycles compared with other studies. 相似文献
108.
Qing-Hua Qin Jian-Shan Wang Yi-Lan Kang 《Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv)》2006,75(8-9):527-540
A theoretical model is presented to study the elastic deformation process and frictional sliding behavior in single piezoelectric
fibre push-out tests. Based on the theoretical model and some necessary simplifications, stress and electric fields are obtained
for push-out tests of a circular piezoelectric fibre embedded in an elastic matrix. Numerical results of a piezoelectric fibre/expoxy
matrix system are presented to verify the proposed formulation. The study shows that there is a significant effect of the
piezoelectric parameter and embedded fibre length on stress transfer, electric field distribution and load-displacement curve
of the frictional sliding process. This study also indicates that the piezoelectric effect has a distinct influence on the
mechanical behavior and properties of the interface in a fibre/matrix system. 相似文献
109.
Bifurcation and universal unfolding for a rotating shaft with unsymmetrical stiffness 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The 1/2 subharmonic resonance bifurcation and universal unfolding are studied for a rotating shaft with unsymmetrical stiffness.
The bifurcation behavior of the response amplitude with respect to the detuning parameter was studied for this class of problems
by Xiao et al. Obviously, it is highly important to research the bifurcation behavior of the response amplitude with respect
to the unsymmetry of stiffness for this problem. Here, by means of the singularity theory, the bifurcation and universal unfolding
of amplitude with respect to the unsymmetrical stiffness parameter are discussed. The results indicate that it is a high codimensional
bifurcation problem with codimension 5, and the universal unfolding is given. From the mechanical background, we study four
forms of two parameter unfoldings contained in the universal unfolding. The transition sets in the parameter plane and the
bifurcation diagrams are plotted. The results obtained in this paper show rich bifurcation phenomena and provide some guidance
for the analysis and design of dynamic buckling experiments of this class of system, especially, for the choice of system
parameters.
The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19990510), the National Key Basic Research Special
Foundation (G1998020316) and Liuhui Center for Applied Mathematics, Nankai University and Tianjin University 相似文献
110.